Tools of history

Since history is a social science, there is a unanimous method of studying and formulating that science. History tells us exactly how an event or event happened in the past, thousands of years ago, or in the very near future, in the past moment, hour, day, month, year. The basic things on which this statement is based are called the tools of history. When police investigate a criminal offence, they are in fact looking for the means to an end. They trace the whereabouts of the culprit, trace the course of events to a basic logic. There is a similar investigation in the presentation of history, based on evidence and not only criminal incidents but also many things that happened in the past.

We have come to understand that the basic elements on which this assertion is based are called the tools of history. To understand these basic elements, or what kind of things they are, is to understand the nature of the tools.

The tools of history are mainly of two kinds. The first type of material is called 'archaeological tools'. The second type is called 'written instruments' which are called 'archival instruments'. Archaeological tools became available mainly after the use of palm leaves and birch leaves and in fact paper. Archaeological tools of the last seven-eight hundred years are found and on that basis the events of that period can be traced.

Archaeological evidence, however, dates back millions of years. These archaeological tools dating back millions of years are mainly in the form of fossils and stone killers. These remains are available from excavation. Rarely are the remains found in the soil on the banks of rivers or even in river basins. Bone-remains are of paramount importance in archaeological excavations. These fossils are chemically treated with radiocarbon or carbon-14 and the duration of the fossils is determined accordingly. The bones of a dinosaur were recently discovered. This chemical process took place millions of years ago. This chemical process can tell how many millions of years old these bones are. The human bones found in the excavations at Harappa-Mohenjo-Daro were sent to the University of Pennsylvania in the United States in the 1920's and chemically treated with carbon-14. From that process, it became clear that this culture is 5,000 years old. Now these chemical processes are also carried out in some laboratories in India and are used to treat orthopaedic instruments of history. Archaeological excavations have unearthed the remains of earthenware. Khapre is considered to be the alphabet of archaeology. Pottery has accompanied man for thousands of years. From these earthenware pots, pottery, their texture, colour, texture and polish on which of these pots, from which country, from which period? Archaeologists can answer these questions.

In addition to the carbon-14 method, there are some other classical methods in chronology. They should only be mentioned here. Those methods are-

(1) Potassium argon method,

(2)The method of incubation invented by Dr. Farmington,

(3) Metaphysical chronology,

(4) Differential luminosity methods,

(5) Fluorine test methods, etc. All of these methods are used at different levels.

Archaeological tools include numerous objects from daily life. These objects are found in excavations. Or these objects from the last three or four hundred years are archives of people, from them come to the museum and are studied. The social, religious and economic life of the people of the Indus Valley Civilization has been traced from such remains at Harappa-Mohenjo-Daro. Temples, caves, forts, castles, forts, mosques, gurdwaras, churches are also archaeological tools of history. The inscriptions on these buildings are extremely reliable evidence. The carvings in the caves and on the outer walls of the temples are a testament to the past, the expression of art. The history of ancient Indian art is drawn on that basis, as is the nature of religious history.

Archival tools are evidence recorded on palm leaves or papers. Such tools have been available for the last seven or eight hundred years. These documents can be found either in temples, monasteries, or in the lairs of landlords. After searching for such documents, these documents are preserved in the archives and made available to the scholars. These archaeological tools are basically in the form of manuscripts. These manuscripts have a unique significance as a tool of history. In the Middle Ages, even such rare manuscripts were kept and made available to scholars. These archaeological tools are basically in the form of manuscripts. These manuscripts have a unique significance as a tool of history. In the Middle Ages, even such manuscripts were rare. The importance of manuscripts has not diminished since the advent of the printing press. Manuscript is considered a reliable tool. Historian V. K. Rajwade acquired the tools of Maratha history. Books like Dnyaneshwari are the result of the same effort. In recent times, Pandit Nehru, Indira Gandhi, Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Mahatma Gandhi, Lokmanya Tilak, Agarkar, Manuscripts of Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar and Mahatma Jotiba Phule are also preserved in the archives as very rare evidence.


Info Card No . 1

Historical tools

A ] Written

Religious texts, placeholders, characters, autobiographies, documents, government private correspondence, travelogues, foreign chronicles, other descriptive statements, plays, stories, novels, Bakhari, Tawarikha Karine Kulkari, etc.

B ] Unwritten (physical)

Oral, Inscriptions, Copperplate, Coins, Stamps Metals, Architecture, Monuments, Sculptures, Clay Sculptures, Stoneware, Excavations, Fossils, Beads, Tools, Crushed Grains, Pottery, Pottery, Various Metal Pots



Info Card No . 2

Mediaeval historical tools (written)

A ] Contemporary documents

(1) Newspapers,

(2) Autobiography


B ] Government documents

(1) Documents

(2) Mazhar, (3) Karine

C ] Correspondence

(1) Government, (2) Private

(3) Concerning governance

D ] Accounts

(1) Government, (2) Private


E ] Bakhari

Genealogy, genealogy, characters, autobiographies, shakavalya, pictures, maps, travelogues.

Thank you for reading!